19.06.2023

The best deep bores with PCD

When the Schlote Group built a new factory in Harzgerode in 2017, it was designed to mass produce only a single part. MAPAL supplied all the cutting tools. By optimising the tools, the foundation has now been laid for a future with new products.

A look inside the machine reveals two PKD deep drills from MAPAL machining clutch housings on twin-spindle machines.
  • A look inside the machine reveals two PKD deep drills from MAPAL machining clutch housings on twin-spindle machines.
  • A look at the production cells at Schlote Harzgerode shows various clutch housings in front of the machines.
  • A deep drill made of carbide with an inserted PCD cutting edge from MAPAL.
  • Sebastian Swiniarski from Schlote Harzgerode inspects the cutting edge of the PKD deep drill from MAPAL.
  • The picture shows Stefan Frick (MAPAL) and Sebastian Swiniarski (Schlote) in discussion.

Schlote’s story begins in 1969 as a small workshop in Harsum, where the company is still headquartered. Today 11 companies with 1,800 employees belong to the Group. The OEM has eight factories in Germany as well as further manufacturing facilities in the Czech Republic and China. Schlote Group customers include big car manufacturers, system integrators and foundries. Schlote’s turnover stems from engines (55 per cent), transmissions (39 per cent) and chassis (6 per cent).

A successful cooperation with Trimet Aluminium already existed at other sites, manufacturing finished car components from cast blanks. The awarding of a contract for a component by a major OEM, which would involve very high quantities, led to a joint venture between Schlote and Bohai Trimet in Harzgerode.
 

More than 4,000 clutch housings per day

Harzgerode工場 で製造されている部品は、アルミダイキャストのクラッチハウジングです。 製造させてました部品は、さまざまな大手自動車メーカーに納入されており、主に 2 リッター エンジンを搭載した車両に搭載されています。 ベルハウジングはトランスミッションをエンジンに接続します。 トランスミッション側はすべてのクラッチ ハウジングで同じですが、もう一方の側は各自動車メーカーのエンジンに適合します。 違いはほとんど小さいため、ベル ハウジングの構造はすべての自動車メーカーで 99% 同一です。

Schlote Harzgerode GmbH社は1 日あたり 4,000 個の部品を生産しています。 現在工場では 80% 以上という非常に高度な自動化が進んでいます。 ハルツゲローデの施設では、120 人の従業員が週 5 日、24 時間体制で働いています。 必要に応じて、生産を週 6 日または 7 日に拡張することができます。

シュローテ・ハルツゲローデの製造セルを見ると、機械の前にさまざまなクラッチハウジングが並んでいるのがわかります。
A manufacturing cell at Schlote is made up of three machining centres from SW: Two W06 double-spindle machine and a one6 single-spindle machine.   Schlote 社の製造ラインは、SW の 3 台のマシニング センター (2 台の W06 ダブルスピンドル マシンと 1 台のシングル スピンドル マシン) で構成されています。 ©MAPAL

自動車業界全体に言えることですが、部品に対する精度要求は非常に高くなります。 「この部品はアダプターフランジだけでなく、トランスミッションの後部も含まれます。 したがって、ベアリング シートには最高度の精度が必要です」と Schlote社 の作業準備チーム リーダー、Sebastian Swiniarski 氏は説明します。 この部品には公差の異なる多数の穴が必要であるため、1,000 分の 1 ミリメートルの精度で製造する必要があります。

MAPALとSchlote社は、長年にわたる効果的な協力関係を振り返ることができます。MAPALは、PCD フライスカッター (シーリング材を塗布する面の荒面を製造する)、タップドリル、リーマー、多様な穴あけ工具の供給を委託されています。 「当社は、プロセス全体の開発を含む包括的なソリューションをお客様に提供しています」と MAPAL の Schlote 技術顧問、Stefan Frick 氏は述べています。

MAPALによる改善事例

納品されたツールは注意深く管理されていました。 Harzgerode 工場の稼働以来、潜在的な弱点を見つけて製造を最適化するために分析が継続的に実行されてきました。 この継続的な改善プロセスの中で、Schlote 社と MAPAL は共同して、長年にわたる工具寿命の延長、工具支出の削減、生産量の増加を達成してきました。 量産初期は 1 日あたり最大 3,600 個の部品が生産されていましたが、現在では追加の機械を必要とせずに、 4,500 個の部品製造をするにまで引き上げられました。

最新の最適化には、トランスミッションのギア部に使用されるオイル チャネルの深穴の加工です。 「工具管理システムを使用して、どの工具をどのくらいの頻度で交換する必要があるかを毎月評価しています」と Swiniarski 氏は報告します。 「深穴用のドリルは特にセンシティブです、これらのドリルは比較的コストが高価のため、ツールのコストを削減するために、深穴用のドリルに集中しました。」 切れ味が鈍いドリルでは穴の出口にバリが生じるため、品質面は工具の摩耗にも影響します。

MAPAL製のPCD切削刃を挿入した超硬製深穴ドリル。
MAPAL developed a new tool solution for deep drilling at Schlote: A PCD cutting edge is inserted at the tip of the drill.   MAPALは、Schlote社で深穴加工用の新しい工具ソリューションを開発しました。PCD 刃先がドリルの先端に挿入されています。 ©MAPAL
In this particular case, two of five deep bores are involved with a diameter of 8 mm and cutting depths of 180 mm and 141 mm. They run through the part from the side up to the bearing seat in the middle. Solid carbide tool were used for this up to now, which is standard for deep bores. Schlote was able to achieve a tool life of 2,500 parts in this way. The load monitoring of the machine already registered tool wear starting at 2,000 parts though, and burrs could be seen at the bore exit.

Significantly longer tool life with PCD

When it came to optimising the deep bore, Plant Manager Tino Lucius, a former MAPAL employee, suggested PCD variants. And so, the partners developed the idea of deploying a PCD tip for the deep drills. There was a lot to consider during the implementation, Frick relates: “It is not possible to construct this type of drill entirely out of PCD. Besides the high costs, the brittleness of the material is a problem. There is also always the danger of chipping of the cutting edges during interrupted cuts. Good cooling must also be ensured as PCD is heat sensitive.”
Sebastian Swiniarski da Schlote Harzgerode verifica o gume da broca profunda de PKD da MAPAL.
Sebastian Swiniarski (Work Preparation Team Lead at Schlote) checks the cutting edges of the MAPAL PCD deep drill.   ©MAPAL

For the new tool, MAPAL started with the existing solid carbide drill and inserted a PCD cutting edge at its tip. The structure of the tool is reminiscent of a concrete drill with a carbide tip. The manufacturers in Harzgerode are very happy with the PCD deep drill’s tool life. While the solid carbide drill’s tool life ends after 2,500 parts, the PCD version keeps going reliably up to 15,000 parts. There is further scope for improvement in machining challenges, such as blowholes in the material and varying casting quality. The partners are currently working on this together. “We have occasionally been able to achieve a tool life of 40,000 parts. Naturally, we want to make this ultra-long tool life the norm”, Frick stresses.

The cutting data is the same as that of the solid carbide drill at a spindle speed of 8,700 rpm, a feed of 0.3 mm/rev and a cutting speed of 218 m/min. The new drill’s potential lays in its considerably longer tool life, the resulting lower tool costs and the higher process reliability. Less tool changes also means less machine downtime.

Production at Schlote in Harzgerode involves a total of ten manufacturing cells. Each cell is made up of three machines from the manufacturer SW, two W06 double-spindle machines and a one6 single-spindle machine. The parts are machined in three clamping setups, whereby the double-spindle machines handle the first two setups and finishing takes place during the third.
 

A imagem mostra Stefan Frick (MAPAL) e Sebastian Swiniarski (Schlote) em discussão.
Stefan Frick (Technical Advisor at MAPAL) and Sebastian Swiniarski (Work Preparation Team Lead at Schlote) inspect a finished clutch housing.   ©MAPAL

The future is electric

Clutch housing manufacturing at the site was planned to last at least eight years with a peak output of 1.1 million parts per year. This peak was surpassed in 2020. Production has been ongoing for five years in the meanwhile with 900,000 parts produced per year.

Due to continuously improved productivity and the lower production quantities, there has been time to address future trends and produce different parts. The factory is already being modified for this purpose. The first of two new projects involves six different parts that Schlote is to produce for a hybrid model of super sports car manufacturer.

In the other project, Schlote’s expertise as a clutch housing manufacturer is once again called for – this time for an electric car. Schlote draws from the trend toward electric mobility by supplying e-cars with transmissions as well. For an innovative model with three gears, the connection between engine and transmission is to be produced in Harzgerode. Half of the factory capacity is currently being converted. The production of parts for combustion engines is to be ramped down to 50 per cent. In future, hybrid cars will account for 10 per cent and purely electric mobility for 40 per cent. Schlote has already produced the first parts for the new projects.
 


Kathrin Rehor, PR Project Manager at MAPAL

Contact

Kathrin Rehor Public Relations Kathrin.Rehor@mapal.com Phone: +49 7361 585 3342


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