Lavorazione di superfici piane
Le operazioni volte a creare superfici piane sono molto frequenti e ricorrono in diversi settori nella costruzione di stampi e matrici, sia che si tratti di componenti, di strategie dovute alla rispettiva lavorazione di fresatura o ai requisiti delle superfici di chiusura degli stampi, dei tagli e delle fustelle. L’utensile corretto viene quindi selezionato in base all’applicazione e al requisito.
Panoramica degli utensili per le seguenti fasi di lavorazione:
Roughing
Roughing operations are responsible for most of the chip removal capacity. Special milling strategies such as high-feed machining or trochoidal milling can reduce machining time and thus increase profitability. In addition to tools with indexable inserts and solid carbide milling cutters, high-performance milling cutters with special roughing geometry are used.
Residual material roughing
After roughing, in a second machining step, users machine the residual material, especially in corners and cavities, removing material as constantly as possible. Usually tools with corner radius or high-feed milling cutters are used. In some cases a ball cutter can be used to remove the residual material in corners.
Pre-finishing
If there are high demands on dimensional accuracy and surface finish, semi-finishing is recommended before finishing. With pre-finishing, machining approaches the final mould profile. The aim is to obtain a residual material that is as constant as possible in order to enable fast finishing with high demands on the surface quality. The stock removal after roughing is approx. 0.5-1 mm for hardened materials and 0.03-0.5 mm for soft materials. After pre-finishing, the constant stock removal is 0.05-0.1 mm for hardened materials or 0.1-0.3 mm for soft materials.
Schlichten
Die Schlichtbearbeitung trägt das verbleibende Aufmaß ab, um die finale Form zu erreichen. Nach der Vorschlichtbearbeitung beträgt dies 0,05-0,1 mm bei gehärteten Materialien beziehungsweise 0,1-0,3 mm bei weichen Materialien. Kugel- und/oder Eckradiusfräser sind das Mittel der Wahl, abhängig von den finalen Konturen des Werkstücks.
